Sunday, December 30, 2012

Happy Holidays from WAIS Divide!

I didn't manage to pop off another post before I left McMurdo for the internet-less deep field, so I’m writing this one now. I arrived at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide camp on Sunday (12/23), having gotten through McMurdo in record time (3 days)—a very rare logistical feat, I am told. Thankfully, there was a break in the weather that allowed me, along with other members of my research group and some people who had been weathered in for up to a week, to get out.

Our LC-130 Hercules pulls off the skiway at WAIS Divide to refuel before heading back to McMurdo.
We were greeted upon arrival by my advisor, Terry, and a number of camp staff, who informed us that our presence expanded the camp’s total population to 53. We were oriented and sent off to set up our tents, which we did with relative ease, as the weather was very agreeable at around 0°F with little wind and some insulating clouds. We were then able to mingle with everyone, including the members of our research group who were still there from the first half of the season (we had about 4 days of overlap). As it turns out, that night was the Christmas feast—lobster and steak—which was fantastically prepared and wonderfully delicious. There was plenty of food and drink to go around, and the evening culminated with a white elephant gift exchange, where a number of unique gifts, some crafted by camp members in their spare time, were passed around. I wound up with some New Zealand food and a piece from the drill for which this camp was established a couple years ago.

Following the dinner a few of us got together a football game in the snow outside the galley, which resulted in lots of laughs and only minor injuries. Most notably it entailed two graduate students, Joel and Andrew (a different one) being chased around camp by Terry, who was wearing a mask with a picture of Joel’s face on it. Unfortunately, I didn't have my camera. Luckily, one of the UNAVCO engineers with our project, Jeremy, did…

Terry (right) and Joel (left), wearing masks with each others' face, chase each other around camp on Christmas (photograph by Jeremy Miner).
I had no concept of time, since it’s permanently daylight out here, but pretty soon I was tuckered out and I decided to retire, having met somewhere near 40 people that day (everyone except the night shift drillers and mechanics). The next two days, Christmas Eve and Christmas, were holidays in camp. There were no flights and no work. We played lots more football and I got in some cross-country skiing. The snow is not soft and it’s not very deep, so classic skiing is not a great option. The recreation tent has some skate skis stored in it, so that’s what I have been using. I mostly skated up and down the runway, which is at least a couple miles long, and I spent some time teaching a few members of the group, Jie (who is from China and hasn't seen much snow, let alone skied on it), Erica, and Marsella, how to ski. It was a great refresher for me and helped to shape up some muscles that I haven’t used in a long time, Ohio being snow-challenged and all that. Hopefully it was productive for them as well.

While everyone was here there was lots of skiing, Frisbee, football, jamming (there’s a keyboard and a guitar here at camp, and plenty of people who like to sing), movie-watching and game-playing. I played plenty of President, Monopoly Deal, Cribbage, and I re-learned Euchre and started to learn 500, or Bid Euchre. Very socially, if not academically, productive.

On Wednesday the first fraction of the people who had been here since the beginning of the season left. Among them were Terry and our mountaineer/safety person Mark. The office got a little bit less crowded, and a little bit unruly in the absence of a Principal Investigator (PI)/authority figure. I came into the work tent late at night to find the UNAVCO (GPS) and PASSCAL (seismic) engineers engaged in an experiment to see how quickly they could send a small toy penguin stuffed with washers (for weight) down a zipline the length of the tent. The path was modified to include spinning about the zipline axis (the penguin was hanging by a rigid, copper wire, which the UNAVCO engineers, Jeremy and Travis, had loudly and forcefully removed from a conductive contraption earlier that day) as well as flat out throwing the penguin from the top of the zipline. This activity rapidly devolved to the point of playing ‘penguin’, a game in which someone sat at the bottom of the zipline and did their best not to flinch as the metal-laden penguin hurdled toward them with surprising speed. Most of the time the penguin missed (and ‘penguined’ out first), but there were a couple of bruises by the time the night was over.

Our ballistic penguin moves down the line toward its next target (in this instance, I think it was Joel).
When we got bored with penguin we played t-ball briefly with a cardboard tube and an orange. At that point, however, a storm was approaching and after the orange was smashed to bits we decided to adjourn and batten down the hatches for the next day’s onslaught of wind and snow.

Erica bats and Joel photographs as a storm system moves in.
Thursday was a day of low visibility and high winds, so work was called on account of weather and we spent the day playing cards and music indoors and shoveling out our tents at various intervals. I got some work done, and by the end of the day the weather had started to clear and I went on a late evening ski (9:15-11:15 pm) in broad daylight.

Friday the weather was good at our camp, but not at any of the sites we needed to fly to, so there weren’t any missions. However, the pilots of the larger of our two planes were flying out to a fuel cache in the middle of the ice sheet, so Erica and I went along for the ride, and to avoid another day of sitting around the work tent. Since the cash was in the middle of the ice sheet, all we could see was flat white in every direction, but it was beautiful. When we got there Erica and I helped the pilots shovel out the three buried fuel barrels and replace them with eight new ones, and then we flew back. All in all, it was about four hours of flying for ten minutes worth of work, but it was fun to get out. On the way back, Erica fell asleep and I spent most of the ride in the navigator seat of the cockpit with a headset on chatting with the pilots. They were from northern Canada (that’s where the flight crews are based) and had some interesting stories to tell, and I had a lot of fun picking their brains about the equipment, all the buttons, etc.

The flight crew works to secure the new fuel barrels as Erica fills in the hole we dug the old barrels out of (so the next plane doesn't fall in).
When we got back, our work tent was very different. Four more of the early-season people had left, so our tent was clean and un-crowded. It made it that much easier to load the sleds and prepare for our flight the next day. The weather forecast was miserable, but it’s almost never reliable, so we try to be reliable anyway.

Saturday and Sunday were both beautiful and so both were workdays. Saturday we flew to a site called Mount Carbone, named for the cook, Al Carbone, on the later Byrd Antarctic Expedition from 1933-1935. The GPS station there needed a new circuit board and solar panels, so we flew out (about 3 hours - almost to the coast) and climbed up to the peak of the mountain (not saying much, since most of it is buried under ice) and got to work repairing the station. After helping to set up the new solar panels, I wandered off across the cliffs to search for glacial erratics and samples (the rock was all volcanic) for the Polar Rock Repository at Byrd Polar at OSU. I was moderately successful, and changing out the components on the station didn’t take long. With the pilots watching, we finished up maintenance and left, having been there for a couple of hours.

Jie, Travis, and Dave work on replacing solar panels as Jeremy configures the circuit board for the GPS station at Mt. Carbone. Our mountaineer, Mike, looks on with the tops of the Phillips Mountains in the background.
Sunday there were both GPS and seismic sites to service. Since the GPS site could only be accessed by the smaller plane, only a couple (more experienced) people went there. The seismic site needed to be dug out, so Jie and I went with the seismic team to Siple Dome, which was startlingly similar to the WAIS Divide camp – flat and white. We had to dig up the electronics box and seismic sensor (about 3 and 6 feet deep, respectively) to reseat some components that had been skewed by snow loading. It took a little while, but it was fun. It was also windless and felt like it was about 70°, even though it was not more than 25°.

Paul, an engineer at PASSCAL, documents the condition of the site and its components at Siple Dome prior to the start of digging.
Today we got another storm. I woke up at the usual time (6:00 am), heard the wind, and looked out my tent. With some weather experience now under my belt, I knew immediately that we wouldn't be going anywhere, and I went back to sleep. I woke up again around 8:00 am, had some breakfast, and went to the work tent, where I got a number of papers read and a decent amount of work done on my proposal for next year.

Tonight is New Year’s Eve, so there’s a big dinner planned and, I suspect, a camp-wide game of capture the flag in the works (I overheard some camp staff planning during lunch). Tomorrow’s a camp-wide day off, and will likely be spent skiing if the weather’s good (Sven, one of the heavy machinery operators, recently groomed a ribbon along the runway and then out up onto the berm protecting camp and back down into the plane parking area) and playing cards and watching movies if it’s not.

So happy New Year! I’ll see it before most of you, but it doesn’t much matter, since life here is just one perpetual day. All the best!

The team at WAIS Divide, including the overlap from the first and second halves of the season (I don't remember who took this picture, but it wasn't me - it was distributed around camp and I'm borrowing it).

Wednesday, December 19, 2012

-77.85, 166.67


At 4:00 am this morning, we touched down on the ice runway at Pegasus airfield off of McMurdo Station in Antarctica. We'd been dealing with delays because the runway, which sits on top of sea ice, was becoming unstable during daytime hours due to unseasonably warm temperatures. However, last night at 11:00 pm, after three delays spanning 36 hours, we got the go-ahead. I tried to sleep on the flight, but after about an hour, it was daylight again and I couldn't manage it. At the writing of this post, I've been awake for 32 hours, so bear with me if this gets a bit dicey. I'll try to keep it short.

Because of the runway situation, we took a commercial Airbus down rather than the customary, heavier military C-17 or LC-130. I was not altogether unhappy with this situation, because we got to sit in seats rather than on the floor of a cargo hold, but I still feel that I missed out on part of the experience. I'll probably get my chance when I return to New Zealand, though.


We were met by Ivan, the terra bus, which took us down the 15 mile snow road from the ice runway to McMurdo. This took approximately an hour and afforded the bleary-eyed passengers another opportunity for a brief snooze.


We got to McMurdo, where we were able to eat breakfast in the galley before our introductory briefing and environmental safety lectures. Following this, we got our dorm assignments and lab/office keys. I received a short tour of some of the more important areas of the station from another scientist on our project. 

We were supposed to get in yesterday, and we would have had another day to just hang around and explore. However, we got in late, and so the next couple days will be packed. Tomorrow morning, those of us new to the ice will be subjected to 'Happy Camper', a survival/safety course in which we pitch our tents or build snow shelters out on the sea ice (approximately 15 miles from the station) and stay over night without our instructors. This carries on well in to Saturday, and me and my research companions are scheduled to leave Sunday to go WAIS (West Antarctic Ice Sheet) Divide deep field camp for most of the rest of the season. Since all cargo has to be put into line to get onto the plane out to the deep field at least a day in advance, this meant that we had to compile and load our sleeping kits (tents, blankets, thermos, sleeping bags/pads) today, which took a significant portion of the day, given that few of us knew what we were doing.

After that was all done, I had a chance to go and explore the base a little bit. The buildings are all numbered for ease of reference, and there's not much in the way of architectural creativity. But they do pretty well, given the circumstances of their construction (or shipment, in some cases). The galley is the largest structure, and also contains the store, gear issue, administrative offices, laundry facilities, and a gym. There is a post office, two cargo offices, a chapel, the main laboratory/science office space (Crary), 'the Chalet' (administration), and, of course, dorms, power generators, fuel storage, weather stations, and equipment garages. All said and done, the base is big enough to support its summer population of over 800 scientists and administrative and support staff. And, as it's located on the Hutt Point Peninsula with towering (and volcanically active) Mount Erebus to the north and the expansive Ross Sea to the south, the views are certainly not lacking.


All the people I've met so far have been very helpful and friendly. I think you have to be of a certain disposition in order to enjoy being stuck in the same place with a small number of people for months at a time, and I'm grateful for it. Despite the isolation, people seem to find creative ways to pass the time, whether it's the soccer games on Wednesday nights, the parties (I got invited to an end-of-the-world 'pool party' this weekend, where "ECW [extreme cold weather gear] may be necessary but bathing suits are encouraged"), interfaith discussions at the chapel, digging elaborate shelters and sculptures in the snow, midnight hikes in broad daylight, or simply jogging around base. I, personally, hope to hike up to the summit of a nearby volcanic cone after dinner before turning in to what I anticipate will be the best night's rest I've had in quite some time. 

Though the base is never quiet, there is a tranquility and a marvelous sense of privilege inherent in its presence. The beauty surrounding it is somehow contextual and transcendental all at once. I can't wait to explore it more, and I hope that you, understanding fully that my pictures - and especially my words - will not do justice to all, or perhaps any, of what I see, will follow along!


Tuesday, December 18, 2012

To a City I Barely Recognized...


The flight to Christchurch was long, though not excruciating. I flew from Columbus to Chicago and from Chicago to Los Angeles on relatively small planes, and in both instances the travel division honored my request to be in a window seat.

This time, instead of going to Christchurch via Auckland, I went through Sydney, and instead of flying Air New Zealand, I flew Quantas. I’ll always have a special place in my heart for Air New Zealand, but Quantas was certainly not lacking in amenities, which included food and drink, a large selection of current entertainment, and nifty little features like a camera in the tail with a feed to the seatback screens. The plane was an Airbus A380 (rather than a Boeing 747) and was absolutely massive. The wings were so large they flexed when we were on the ground. It was somewhat disconcerting to see the wings flopping up and down when we hit a bit of turbulence, and I tried to ignore it by burying my face in my food, which was quite satisfactory, as was the complimentary Australian wine.

 I would have really liked to explore Sydney a bit, had it not been a violation of the laws of three countries to leave the terminal during my layover. I got a taste just by looking out the windows and I’ve resolved to include Sydney in my travels on the way back from New Zealand in February.

I arrived to a summery, bright (literally, sunny until 10:00 pm) Christchurch around 4 pm on December 16th, having been in transit for roughly 28 hours, and was met by a representative from the US Antarctic Program (USAP), who gave me and several other of the arrivals a very brief orientation before sending us off to our hotels.

My exceptionally bright hotel room in Merivale - bit of a wonder how I fell asleep with all that light
Several of us were placed in the Pavilions, a nice hotel in Merivale northeast of the city center. Upon being deposited at reception by the shuttle, I promptly dropped my bags and went exploring, since the Papanui/Merivale area was not one that I seen much the last time I was in town. I meandered down south and west through the neighborhoods of (often juxtaposed) modern and Victorian architecture, small gardens, and parks, and I eventually wound up at the city center, or as close as I could get to it.

I was stunned by what I saw. I was in Christchurch for the 7.1 earthquake of 2010, and I had seen the resulting damage, but I was not quite prepared for the effects of the February 2011 6.4 and other large aftershocks. Much of the city center was closed off and I could only see bits and pieces of buildings in the distance. This was due both to visual obstructions and to the structures being, literally, in bits and pieces. Stone and brick buildings lay partially shattered. Wooden buildings sat in a twisted collection of rubble. Some lots that contained buildings I frequented or knew well were simply empty. Gardens that had simply been left to their own devices since their accompanying edifices had been destroyed, removed, or otherwise abandoned had grown to consume whatever was left of the lots’ previous occupant. Parts of the city resembled a ghost town, but one eerily modern, with an odd assortment of empty skyscrapers alongside abandoned new and historic storefronts.

Knox Church, Victoria Street

Salisbury Street
Rose Chapel, Colombo Street
Victorian Remnants, Colombo Street
Oxford Terrace




But despite this apparent dereliction, there was activity everywhere. There was at least one construction project on every block and everywhere debris was being cleared to make way for liveable and developable space. In some areas imprompteau art exhibits and venues had sprung up. It was truly inspiring and embodied a sort of resilience and unquenchable optimism sustained by this city and the people in it. They are truly taking a part in the reconstruction of this city to such an incredible degree of unity. There is so much infrastructure being repaired, so many city landmarks being spoken for—the restoration of the Arts Centre alone will cost over $35 million NZD—that I find it wonderful and amazing that the people themselves are at the forefront of these efforts. I’m very excited to see how much things have progressed when I return from Antarctica in February.

The Flying Cup, Peterborough Street
Palette Performing Arts Space, Peterborough Street and Durham Street
Colombo Street
Educational Sign, Arts Centre, Worcester Boulevard
Christmas Cheer, Arts Centre, Rolleston Avenue
Cambridge Terrace and Worcester Boulevard, with the Central Business District and the cathedral in the background
Of course, before I return from Antarctica, I must go to Antarctica. Our flight has already been delayed twice: once from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm because the ice runway at McMurdo station is too soft to land craft on during the day; and once from 9:00 pm to 1:00 am, for a reason to which I am not privy. But I have no doubt we’ll get there eventually. We got all of our extreme cold weather (ECW) gear and now we’re just waiting for conditions to be alright. If all goes according to plan, I’ll be in Antarctica by tomorrow morning.

The USAP hangar at the Christchurch airport

Monday, December 3, 2012

Welcome!

This is just a trial period. Nothing interesting to show yet, but I'm headed to Antarctica in a couple of weeks and I thought it would be a good time to set up a more definite blog that I can use to share pictures, thoughts, etc.

Because I'm hoping to make this a relatively permanent fixture, I'm in the process of importing old posts and pictures (which are mine) from various blogs (which are not) around the internet. Most of my New Zealand posts from the IES blog (fall 2010) are below, and you'll notice that clicking on the pictures still links you to IES for the full-sized picture. I'm working on it.

Anyway, please feel free to leave comments about layout, content, or anything. Hope you read! And just because I don't like posting without pictures:

Waterfall, Acadia National Park, Maine